Detachable coupling.



F. G. FAIRALL.

DETAGHABLE COUPLING- APPLICATION FILED SBPT.5,1907.

Patented Feb. 23, 1909.

. [NINJA Z1018 .fiwk dam/d5 z W M10111 I VITNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' time c. F'AIVRALL, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR or ONE-HALF TO JAMES H.-

. g nova, or WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

. citizen-of the United nn'rncnanna COUPLING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 23, 1909-.

Application filed September 5, 1907. Serial No. 391,!64.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, FRANK G; FAIRALL, States, residing at Baltimore,State of Maryland, have invented new and useful Improvements in 'Detachable Couplings, of which the following is a specification.

My invention pertains to detachable couplings for hose, pipe and the like; and it 'contemplates the provision of a simple and inexp'ensive'cou ling the members of which are well adapte to withstand the rough usage to which coupling members are ordinarily subjected in machine shops and like places, and one through'the' medlum of which two sections of hose or pipe may be expeditiously and easily connected together and as readily disconnected, and this notwithstanding the joint is atight and strong one capable of withstanding extraordinary high pressure, and the coupling IIIBIIlbGISlIl their connected relation are positively no liability of the members becoming disconnected through casual rotation of one with respect to the other.

' ith the foregoing in mind, the invention be fully understood from the following description and claim when the same are read in connection with the drawings, accompanying and forming part of this specifica- 1 tion, inwhich:

- Figure l isia side elevation illustrating the members of my novel cou ling as connected together," and as specifical y nect two sections of hose. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal-central section ofthe same. Fig. 3 is 'a side elevation of the male member ofthe coupling; definitely illustrating the configuration of'one of the grooves.

7 coupling Fig. 4 is. an elevation of the inner end of said member. Fig. 5 is an elevation of the inner end of the female member; and: Fig. 6 is a detail section of he latter member, showing the pre- "ferred mode of fixing the studs to the major portion thereof.

- Similar letters designate corresponding parts'in all the views of the drawings, re-

erring to which:

A is the male member and B the female membe'r of the-coupling constitutin the best embodiment of my invention of w 'oh I am cognizant. are provided with outer portions a adapted locked so that there is' adapted to con- As illustrated the two membersfor the connection of sections of hose, but I would have it here understood that the specific construction of the said outer portions is immaterial, and that, therefore, they may be. of any construction compatible with the purpose of my invention without-involving departure from the scope thereof.

The male member A isprovided with a bore 12 free from obstruction throughout its length, and is also necessaril equippe with an enlarged and periphera y roughened hand-grasp portion 0. At its inner end around the bore 6, mile said male member A is provided with an annular rib or projection C for an important purpose hereinafter set forth, and in the periphe of its circular inner portion d it is provi ed with three (more or less) e ui-distant grooves D. These grooves are i entical in construction andktherefore a detailed de scription of the one shown in Fig.3 will s15- fice to impart a definite understanding of a The said groove D, Fig. 3, comprisesa mouth portion c extending in the direction of the length of the memberrearward from the inner end of the circular portion (1, a cam portion f extending from the rear or outer end of the portion e circumferentially of the circular portion (1 and sli htly toward the outer or rear end of the mem er, anda seat 9 disposed. at the inner end of the cam portion f and extending slightly toward the inner. or forward end of the mem her. At this point I desire to direct atten-.

tion to the fact that there is no communication between the bore 1) and the grooves'D, and hence no liability of leakage through the said grooves; and it should also be noted' that the construction of the male member A as a whole is such that there is no liability of .said member being injured when thrown down or about in a machine .shop or when forward from said end or stepped upon or struck against another ob- V gect.

' The female member B comprises the before mentioned outer portion a and an inner ortion h, the interior diameter of the latter eing such as to snugly receive the portion d ,of the male member A. The inner ortion h ispreferably, though not necessa y," swiveled on the outer portion a for a cogent rea son which will be pointed out, and in the outer end wall of the inner portion h, which wall is formed by the enlargement i on the disconnected. While the washer expands as portion a,-is formed an annular groovewhich surrounds the bore 'in the outer pertion a and has its outer wall out or dovetailed as shown in Fig. 2. Disposed in the said annular groove E and securely retained position by the .wall 7:, thereof-1s an elastic washer F',- of rubber or other suitablematerial, which'is of the same shape in-cross-section as the groove E. It is preferable to swivel the inner portionv h'on the outer ortion a as'statedsince' when the members and B are connected in themanner to be pointed out, the wash'enF'jbe carried rectilinearly against the inner endof thevmale member Aand hence not'be subjected to any frictional wear whatever with the result that its pf'riod' ofusefulness will be materially prolonged. 1

At about the proportional distance illustrated from its mouth, the, innerportion-hof' the female member -B is provided with thr'ee (more or less), e Iii-distant inwardly extend ing studs G. T ese studs G are preferably fixed to the'portion h in themannershown'in Fig. .6,-that1s to say, each has-a shoulderdis posed against the inner side of the said por-.

tion and an outer end upset' or riveted against the outer side of. the portion, Because-of: this it will "be-ap arent that the studs'maybe readily secured with respect to the portion 7 and-yettare not liable to be casually disconnected v or displaced. 1

The practical operation of my novel coup ling is as follows The portion 41 of the male 4 member A is moved rectilinearly into the portion It of the female member B and so that the studs G are received in the mouth portion 0 of their com lementary grooves D.. The portion h of tile-female member B is then turned through a part, ofa revolution so as to move the studs G along the cam portions fof the (grooves toward the seatsg and place the stu in the said seats 9. The movement'of the studs G in the direction (ls-- scribed in the cam portions f of the grooves D operates to .draw the members A and B endwise together and to compress the washer F and embed the] annular rib or pro- "jccti' Q or" themale member A in said washer F so as to-break the joint and thereby preclude leaka eor displacement of the Washer even w en the pressure present in the coupling extraordinarily high. When the studs G reach the seats 9 of'grooves D, the washer F expands to a certain extent and I serve; to. move the male member A 'endwise 1 outwardly or away from he female member B with the result that the studs G are re ccived and held in the seats '9 and the members A and B are locked against. casual roe tation with respectto each other, and there is no liability ofthe members being casually,

it slightly under- E-l stated'to engage the seats g with the studs G for the purl'pose stated, it will be seen by'reference to ig. 2* that because-of the embedding of the annular rib C in the elastic washer F, said seating v r is accomplished without affecting the broken jomt-betwee'h the male member of the coupling and the elastic washer F. In other words the outward endwise movement of the male 'membrnecessary to engage said seats g .thejstudsflG and'lock t e members against casual rotation with-respect to each" other may; e effected and yet because of the embedding of'rib Gin theelasticfwasher F, the advantageous broken joint between the members 'is effectually preserved. When it is desired to disconnect the members A and B it issim ly necessary to forcibly turn the portion of the member B in t'he direction e studs G out of the seats. 'g of the ooves D,.and then move the studs G al ong't e cam portions f of the grooves to the mouths ej thereof, when the members A and B may be drawn or moved endwise apart. e

As willbe gathered from the foregoing,

the'female-member B, like the male member .A, is'so-constructed that there is'no liability ofits being "injured when thrown down or around me machine shop or against another object."

The construction hereinshown and de scribed constitutes the preferred embodi-,

merit of my invention, but itis obvious that in the futurepractice of the invention such changes or modifications may be made as fairly fall within the scope of my invention as defined inthe claim appended.

Having described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure'by Letters-Patent, 1s:- r v In a detachable coupling, a male member having a bore extending throughout its 'lengthand'an annular rib O projecting forwardly from its inner end, aroundthesaid bore, and also having an inner portion, of clrcular form m-cross-sectlomm the periphery of which are grooves each comprising a mouth portion extending .v rearwardly from theinner end of said inner ortion and in the opposite tothat first stated so as to moveof the studs G in the seats 9 direction of the length of t e member, a cam portion extending circumferentially from the rear end of the mouth portion and slightly rearwardly .or toward the outer end of the member, and asset-extending from the inner end of the cam portion forwardly-or to ward the inner end of the member, in combination-with afemale member havinga bore and also having an inner tubular portion receiving the circularand grooved portion of.

the male member and studs extending later- :a {inward from the; wall of said tubularpertion and reinovably eri'anged in the seats In testimony whereof I have hereunto set at the endsof the grooves in the male meme my hand in presence of two subscribing witbet, and an elastic Washer arranged in the nesses.

- tfibular portion of the female member and I FRANK FAIRALL.

receiving the annular'rib C of the male mem- Witnesses ber,- whereby the joint between the washer 'lHos. E. TURPIN,

and the male -n1ember is broken. PHIL. E. BARNES. 

